Qisoft Limited

Company Name	Qisoft Limited
Company Status	Active
Company Number	03109102
Category	Private Limited Company
Incorporation Date	2 October 1995(28 years, 7 months ago)
Previous Name	Surveymicro Limited

Business Activity

Section J	Information and communication
SIC 62012	Business and domestic software development

Directors

Director Name	Mr Kevin Richard Luxton
Date of Birth	January 1956 (Born 68 years ago)
Nationality	British
Status	Current
Appointed	03 October 1996(1 year after company formation)
Appointment Duration	27 years, 7 months
Role	Consultant
Country of Residence	United States
Correspondence Address	13th Floor Piccadilly Plaza Manchester M1 4BT

Director Name	Mrs Kelly Marie Hardy
Date of Birth	November 1977 (Born 46 years ago)
Nationality	British
Status	Current
Appointed	02 August 2010(14 years, 10 months after company formation)
Appointment Duration	13 years, 9 months
Role	Global Sales & Marketing Director
Country of Residence	United States
Correspondence Address	13th Floor Piccadilly Plaza Manchester M1 4BT

Director Name	Mr Samuel Wesley James Luxton
Date of Birth	June 1981 (Born 42 years ago)
Nationality	British
Status	Current
Appointed	02 October 2011(16 years after company formation)
Appointment Duration	12 years, 7 months
Role	Operations Director
Country of Residence	United Kingdom
Correspondence Address	13th Floor Piccadilly Plaza Manchester M1 4BT

Director Name	Mr Graeme Parkinson
Date of Birth	June 1974 (Born 49 years ago)
Nationality	British
Status	Current
Appointed	01 January 2021(25 years, 3 months after company formation)
Appointment Duration	3 years, 3 months
Role	Sales Director
Country of Residence	England
Correspondence Address	6 Preston Road Ribchester Preston PR3 3XL

Director Name	Mr Colin Stuart Marney
Date of Birth	June 1963 (Born 60 years ago)
Nationality	British
Status	Resigned
Appointed	23 October 1995(3 weeks after company formation)
Appointment Duration	19 years, 3 months (resigned 30 January 2015)
Role	Software Development Manager
Country of Residence	United Kingdom
Correspondence Address	Alexander House Station Brow Leyland Lancashire PR25 3NZ

Secretary Name	Mr Kevin Richard Luxton
Nationality	British
Status	Resigned
Appointed	23 October 1995(3 weeks after company formation)
Appointment Duration	26 years, 2 months (resigned 21 December 2021)
Role	Consultant
Country of Residence	United States
Correspondence Address	Alexander House Station Brow Leyland Lancashire PR25 3NZ

Director Name	Miss Kelly Marie Luxton
Date of Birth	November 1977 (Born 46 years ago)
Nationality	British
Status	Resigned
Appointed	30 July 2010(14 years, 10 months after company formation)
Appointment Duration	Resigned same day (resigned 30 July 2010)
Role	Global Sales & Marketing Director
Country of Residence	United Kingdom
Correspondence Address	Alexander House Station Brow Leyland Lancashire PR25 3NZ

Director Name	Dr Gary Sheard
Date of Birth	June 1954 (Born 69 years ago)
Nationality	British
Status	Resigned
Appointed	01 January 2015(19 years, 3 months after company formation)
Appointment Duration	6 years, 2 months (resigned 18 March 2021)
Role	Managing Director
Country of Residence	England
Correspondence Address	Alexander House Station Brow Leyland Lancashire PR25 3NZ

Director Name	Instant Companies Limited (Corporation)
Status	Resigned
Appointed	02 October 1995(same day as company formation)
Correspondence Address	1 Mitchell Lane Bristol Avon BS1 6BU

Secretary Name	Swift Incorporations Limited (Corporation)
Status	Resigned
Appointed	02 October 1995(same day as company formation)
Correspondence Address	26 Church Street London NW8 8EP

Contact

Website	qisoft.com

Location

Registered Address	13th Floor Piccadilly Plaza Manchester M1 4BT
Region	North West
Constituency	Manchester Central
County	Greater Manchester
Ward	City Centre
Built Up Area	Greater Manchester
Address Matches	8 other UK companies use this postal address

Shareholders

20k at £1	Kevin R. Luxton 100.00% Ordinary

Financials

Year	2014
Net Worth	£388,025
Cash	£478,934
Current Liabilities	£342,680

Accounts

Latest Accounts	31 December 2022 (1 year, 3 months ago)
Next Accounts Due	30 September 2024 (5 months from now)
Accounts Category	Total Exemption Full
Accounts Year End	31 December

Returns

Latest Return	1 August 2023 (9 months ago)
Next Return Due	15 August 2024 (3 months, 2 weeks from now)

Charges

2 March 2018	Delivered on: 2 March 2018 Persons entitled: Lancashire County Developments (Investments) Limited Classification: A registered charge Outstanding
28 November 1996	Delivered on: 4 December 1996 Persons entitled: Lloyds Bank PLC Classification: Debenture Secured details: All monies due or to become due from the company to the chargee on any account whatsoever. Particulars: Fixed and floating charges over the undertaking and all property and assets present and future including goodwill bookdebts uncalled capital buildings fixtures fixed plant and machinery. See the mortgage charge document for full details. Outstanding

2 March 2018

Delivered on: 2 March 2018
Persons entitled: Lancashire County Developments (Investments) Limited

Classification: A registered charge
Outstanding

28 November 1996

Delivered on: 4 December 1996
Persons entitled: Lloyds Bank PLC

Classification: Debenture
Secured details: All monies due or to become due from the company to the chargee on any account whatsoever.
Particulars: Fixed and floating charges over the undertaking and all property and assets present and future including goodwill bookdebts uncalled capital buildings fixtures fixed plant and machinery. See the mortgage charge document for full details.
Outstanding

Filing History

3 August 2023	Confirmation statement made on 1 August 2023 with no updates (3 pages)
26 June 2023	Satisfaction of charge 031091020002 in full (1 page)
7 June 2023	Total exemption full accounts made up to 31 December 2022 (10 pages)
12 August 2022	Director's details changed for Mr Kevin Richard Luxton on 1 January 2019 (2 pages)
12 August 2022	Notification of Samuel Wesley James Luxton as a person with significant control on 23 December 2021 (2 pages)
12 August 2022	Director's details changed for Mr Kevin Richard Luxton on 1 January 2019 (2 pages)
12 August 2022	Confirmation statement made on 12 August 2022 with updates (4 pages)
12 August 2022	Cessation of Kevin Richard Luxton as a person with significant control on 23 December 2021 (1 page)
12 August 2022	Director's details changed for Mrs Kelly Marie Hardy on 1 January 2019 (2 pages)
29 June 2022	Total exemption full accounts made up to 31 December 2021 (10 pages)
4 May 2022	Registered office address changed from Piccadilly Plaza 13th Floor, Piccadilly Plaza Manchester M1 4BT England to 13th Floor Piccadilly Plaza Manchester M1 4BT on 4 May 2022 (1 page)
4 May 2022	Registered office address changed from Alexander House Station Brow Leyland Lancashire PR25 3NZ to Piccadilly Plaza 13th Floor, Piccadilly Plaza Manchester M1 4BT on 4 May 2022 (1 page)
21 December 2021	Termination of appointment of Kevin Richard Luxton as a secretary on 21 December 2021 (1 page)
6 October 2021	Confirmation statement made on 1 October 2021 with no updates (3 pages)
26 August 2021	Total exemption full accounts made up to 31 December 2020 (11 pages)
19 March 2021	Termination of appointment of Gary Sheard as a director on 18 March 2021 (1 page)
6 January 2021	Appointment of Mr Graeme Parkinson as a director on 1 January 2021 (2 pages)
6 October 2020	Confirmation statement made on 1 October 2020 with no updates (3 pages)
30 September 2020	Total exemption full accounts made up to 31 December 2019 (11 pages)
10 October 2019	Confirmation statement made on 1 October 2019 with no updates (3 pages)
27 May 2019	Total exemption full accounts made up to 31 December 2018 (11 pages)
17 October 2018	Confirmation statement made on 2 October 2018 with updates (4 pages)
17 October 2018	Change of details for Mr Kevin Richard Luxton as a person with significant control on 1 January 2018 (2 pages)
6 April 2018	Micro company accounts made up to 31 December 2017 (6 pages)
2 March 2018	Registration of charge 031091020002, created on 2 March 2018 (17 pages)
19 January 2018	Satisfaction of charge 1 in full (1 page)
4 October 2017	Confirmation statement made on 2 October 2017 with no updates (3 pages)
4 October 2017	Confirmation statement made on 2 October 2017 with no updates (3 pages)
14 September 2017	Micro company accounts made up to 31 December 2016 (6 pages)
14 September 2017	Micro company accounts made up to 31 December 2016 (6 pages)
10 October 2016	Confirmation statement made on 2 October 2016 with updates (5 pages)
10 October 2016	Confirmation statement made on 2 October 2016 with updates (5 pages)
26 May 2016	Total exemption small company accounts made up to 31 December 2015 (9 pages)
26 May 2016	Total exemption small company accounts made up to 31 December 2015 (9 pages)
2 October 2015	Annual return made up to 2 October 2015 with a full list of shareholders Statement of capital on 2015-10-02 GBP 20,000 (5 pages)
2 October 2015	Annual return made up to 2 October 2015 with a full list of shareholders Statement of capital on 2015-10-02 GBP 20,000 (5 pages)
2 October 2015	Annual return made up to 2 October 2015 with a full list of shareholders Statement of capital on 2015-10-02 GBP 20,000 (5 pages)
15 July 2015	Total exemption small company accounts made up to 31 December 2014 (8 pages)
15 July 2015	Total exemption small company accounts made up to 31 December 2014 (8 pages)
9 April 2015	Appointment of Dr Gary Sheard as a director on 1 January 2015 (2 pages)
9 April 2015	Appointment of Dr Gary Sheard as a director on 1 January 2015 (2 pages)
9 April 2015	Appointment of Dr Gary Sheard as a director on 1 January 2015 (2 pages)
13 February 2015	Termination of appointment of Colin Stuart Marney as a director on 30 January 2015 (1 page)
13 February 2015	Termination of appointment of Colin Stuart Marney as a director on 30 January 2015 (1 page)
2 October 2014	Annual return made up to 2 October 2014 with a full list of shareholders Statement of capital on 2014-10-02 GBP 20,000 (6 pages)
2 October 2014	Annual return made up to 2 October 2014 with a full list of shareholders Statement of capital on 2014-10-02 GBP 20,000 (6 pages)
2 October 2014	Annual return made up to 2 October 2014 with a full list of shareholders Statement of capital on 2014-10-02 GBP 20,000 (6 pages)
17 September 2014	Total exemption small company accounts made up to 31 December 2013 (4 pages)
17 September 2014	Total exemption small company accounts made up to 31 December 2013 (4 pages)
3 October 2013	Annual return made up to 2 October 2013 with a full list of shareholders Statement of capital on 2013-10-03 GBP 20,000 (6 pages)
3 October 2013	Annual return made up to 2 October 2013 with a full list of shareholders Statement of capital on 2013-10-03 GBP 20,000 (6 pages)
3 October 2013	Annual return made up to 2 October 2013 with a full list of shareholders Statement of capital on 2013-10-03 GBP 20,000 (6 pages)
1 May 2013	Total exemption small company accounts made up to 31 December 2012 (4 pages)
1 May 2013	Total exemption small company accounts made up to 31 December 2012 (4 pages)
11 January 2013	Termination of appointment of Gary Sheard as a director (1 page)
11 January 2013	Termination of appointment of Gary Sheard as a director (1 page)
10 October 2012	Annual return made up to 2 October 2012 with a full list of shareholders (7 pages)
10 October 2012	Annual return made up to 2 October 2012 with a full list of shareholders (7 pages)
10 October 2012	Director's details changed for Mr Samuel Wesley James Luxton on 4 September 2012 (2 pages)
10 October 2012	Director's details changed for Mr Samuel Wesley James Luxton on 4 September 2012 (2 pages)
10 October 2012	Director's details changed for Mr Samuel Wesley James Luxton on 4 September 2012 (2 pages)
10 October 2012	Annual return made up to 2 October 2012 with a full list of shareholders (7 pages)
27 September 2012	Total exemption small company accounts made up to 31 December 2011 (5 pages)
27 September 2012	Total exemption small company accounts made up to 31 December 2011 (5 pages)
27 June 2012	Director's details changed for Mrs Kelly Marie Hardy on 18 June 2012 (2 pages)
27 June 2012	Director's details changed for Mrs Kelly Marie Hardy on 18 June 2012 (2 pages)
14 October 2011	Annual return made up to 2 October 2011 with a full list of shareholders (7 pages)
14 October 2011	Annual return made up to 2 October 2011 with a full list of shareholders (7 pages)
14 October 2011	Annual return made up to 2 October 2011 with a full list of shareholders (7 pages)
12 October 2011	Appointment of Mr Samuel Wesley James Luxton as a director (2 pages)
12 October 2011	Appointment of Mr Samuel Wesley James Luxton as a director (2 pages)
13 June 2011	Total exemption small company accounts made up to 31 December 2010 (8 pages)
13 June 2011	Total exemption small company accounts made up to 31 December 2010 (8 pages)
11 April 2011	Director's details changed for Miss Kelly Marie Luxton on 1 October 2010 (2 pages)
11 April 2011	Director's details changed for Miss Kelly Marie Luxton on 1 October 2010 (2 pages)
11 April 2011	Director's details changed for Miss Kelly Marie Luxton on 1 October 2010 (2 pages)
5 October 2010	Annual return made up to 2 October 2010 with a full list of shareholders (6 pages)
5 October 2010	Annual return made up to 2 October 2010 with a full list of shareholders (6 pages)
5 October 2010	Annual return made up to 2 October 2010 with a full list of shareholders (6 pages)
2 August 2010	Appointment of Miss Kelly Marie Luxton as a director (2 pages)
2 August 2010	Appointment of Miss Kelly Marie Luxton as a director (2 pages)
30 July 2010	Appointment of Miss Kelly Marie Luxton as a director (2 pages)
30 July 2010	Termination of appointment of Kelly Luxton as a director (1 page)
30 July 2010	Director's details changed for Miss Kelly Marie Luxton on 30 July 2010 (2 pages)
30 July 2010	Director's details changed for Miss Kelly Marie Luxton on 30 July 2010 (2 pages)
30 July 2010	Appointment of Miss Kelly Marie Luxton as a director (2 pages)
30 July 2010	Termination of appointment of Kelly Luxton as a director (1 page)
30 April 2010	Total exemption small company accounts made up to 31 December 2009 (8 pages)
30 April 2010	Total exemption small company accounts made up to 31 December 2009 (8 pages)
7 October 2009	Annual return made up to 2 October 2009 with a full list of shareholders (5 pages)
7 October 2009	Annual return made up to 2 October 2009 with a full list of shareholders (5 pages)
7 October 2009	Director's details changed for Mr Kevin Richard Luxton on 2 October 2009 (2 pages)
7 October 2009	Annual return made up to 2 October 2009 with a full list of shareholders (5 pages)
7 October 2009	Director's details changed for Mr Kevin Richard Luxton on 2 October 2009 (2 pages)
7 October 2009	Director's details changed for Mr Kevin Richard Luxton on 2 October 2009 (2 pages)
6 October 2009	Director's details changed for Colin Stuart Marney on 2 October 2009 (2 pages)
6 October 2009	Director's details changed for Dr Gary Sheard on 2 October 2009 (2 pages)
6 October 2009	Director's details changed for Colin Stuart Marney on 2 October 2009 (2 pages)
6 October 2009	Director's details changed for Dr Gary Sheard on 2 October 2009 (2 pages)
6 October 2009	Secretary's details changed for Kevin Richard Luxton on 2 October 2009 (1 page)
6 October 2009	Secretary's details changed for Kevin Richard Luxton on 2 October 2009 (1 page)
6 October 2009	Director's details changed for Dr Gary Sheard on 2 October 2009 (2 pages)
6 October 2009	Secretary's details changed for Kevin Richard Luxton on 2 October 2009 (1 page)
6 October 2009	Director's details changed for Colin Stuart Marney on 2 October 2009 (2 pages)
8 June 2009	Total exemption small company accounts made up to 31 December 2008 (8 pages)
8 June 2009	Total exemption small company accounts made up to 31 December 2008 (8 pages)
9 October 2008	Return made up to 02/10/08; full list of members (4 pages)
9 October 2008	Return made up to 02/10/08; full list of members (4 pages)
9 May 2008	Total exemption small company accounts made up to 31 December 2007 (8 pages)
9 May 2008	Total exemption small company accounts made up to 31 December 2007 (8 pages)
27 March 2008	Director appointed dr gary sheard (2 pages)
27 March 2008	Director appointed dr gary sheard (2 pages)
17 October 2007	Return made up to 02/10/07; full list of members (3 pages)
17 October 2007	Return made up to 02/10/07; full list of members (3 pages)
7 June 2007	Secretary's particulars changed;director's particulars changed (1 page)
7 June 2007	Return made up to 02/10/06; full list of members (3 pages)
7 June 2007	Return made up to 02/10/06; full list of members (3 pages)
7 June 2007	Secretary's particulars changed;director's particulars changed (1 page)
21 April 2007	Total exemption small company accounts made up to 31 December 2006 (8 pages)
21 April 2007	Total exemption small company accounts made up to 31 December 2006 (8 pages)
7 February 2007	Â£ ic 23530/20000 22/12/06 Â£ sr 3530@1=3530 (2 pages)
7 February 2007	Â£ ic 23530/20000 22/12/06 Â£ sr 3530@1=3530 (2 pages)
20 January 2007	Resolutions RES08 ‐ Resolution of authority to purchase own shares out of capital (1 page)
20 January 2007	Resolutions RES08 ‐ Resolution of authority to purchase own shares out of capital (1 page)
2 November 2006	Accounts for a small company made up to 31 December 2005 (8 pages)
2 November 2006	Accounts for a small company made up to 31 December 2005 (8 pages)
3 October 2005	Return made up to 02/10/05; full list of members (3 pages)
3 October 2005	Return made up to 02/10/05; full list of members (3 pages)
17 June 2005	Total exemption small company accounts made up to 31 December 2004 (8 pages)
17 June 2005	Total exemption small company accounts made up to 31 December 2004 (8 pages)
17 November 2004	Return made up to 02/10/04; full list of members 363(288) ‐ Secretary's particulars changed;director's particulars changed (7 pages)
17 November 2004	Return made up to 02/10/04; full list of members 363(288) ‐ Secretary's particulars changed;director's particulars changed (7 pages)
2 November 2004	Secretary's particulars changed;director's particulars changed (1 page)
2 November 2004	Secretary's particulars changed;director's particulars changed (1 page)
27 April 2004	Accounts for a small company made up to 31 December 2003 (8 pages)
27 April 2004	Accounts for a small company made up to 31 December 2003 (8 pages)
10 October 2003	Return made up to 02/10/03; full list of members 363(288) ‐ Secretary's particulars changed;director's particulars changed (7 pages)
10 October 2003	Return made up to 02/10/03; full list of members 363(288) ‐ Secretary's particulars changed;director's particulars changed (7 pages)
23 September 2003	Director's particulars changed (1 page)
23 September 2003	Director's particulars changed (1 page)
28 August 2003	Accounts for a small company made up to 31 December 2002 (8 pages)
28 August 2003	Accounts for a small company made up to 31 December 2002 (8 pages)
24 October 2002	Accounts for a small company made up to 31 December 2001 (8 pages)
24 October 2002	Accounts for a small company made up to 31 December 2001 (8 pages)
2 October 2002	Return made up to 02/10/02; full list of members (7 pages)
2 October 2002	Return made up to 02/10/02; full list of members (7 pages)
8 September 2002	Registered office changed on 08/09/02 from: 3 balfour court leyland lancashire PR25 2TF (1 page)
8 September 2002	Registered office changed on 08/09/02 from: 3 balfour court leyland lancashire PR25 2TF (1 page)
10 October 2001	Return made up to 02/10/01; full list of members 363(287) ‐ Registered office changed on 10/10/01 363(288) ‐ Director's particulars changed (6 pages)
10 October 2001	Return made up to 02/10/01; full list of members 363(287) ‐ Registered office changed on 10/10/01 363(288) ‐ Director's particulars changed (6 pages)
13 August 2001	Total exemption small company accounts made up to 31 December 2000 (8 pages)
13 August 2001	Total exemption small company accounts made up to 31 December 2000 (8 pages)
10 October 2000	Return made up to 02/10/00; full list of members 363(288) ‐ Secretary's particulars changed;director's particulars changed (6 pages)
10 October 2000	Return made up to 02/10/00; full list of members 363(288) ‐ Secretary's particulars changed;director's particulars changed (6 pages)
26 September 2000	Registered office changed on 26/09/00 from: 1 cheshire house close farington moss preston PR5 3SA (1 page)
26 September 2000	Registered office changed on 26/09/00 from: 1 cheshire house close farington moss preston PR5 3SA (1 page)
23 May 2000	Accounts for a small company made up to 31 December 1999 (8 pages)
23 May 2000	Accounts for a small company made up to 31 December 1999 (8 pages)
16 December 1999	Ad 13/12/99--------- Â£ si 75580@1=75580 Â£ ic 20000/95580 (2 pages)
16 December 1999	Nc inc already adjusted 19/09/99 (1 page)
16 December 1999	Â£ nc 20000/95580 10/12/99 (1 page)
16 December 1999	Ad 01/10/99--------- Â£ si 19998@1 (2 pages)
16 December 1999	Nc inc already adjusted 19/09/99 (1 page)
16 December 1999	Â£ nc 20000/95580 10/12/99 (1 page)
16 December 1999	Resolutions WRES01 ‐ Written resolution of Memorandum of Association (19 pages)
16 December 1999	Ad 13/12/99--------- Â£ si 75580@1=75580 Â£ ic 20000/95580 (2 pages)
16 December 1999	Ad 01/10/99--------- Â£ si 19998@1 (2 pages)
16 December 1999	Resolutions WRES01 ‐ Written resolution of Memorandum of Association (19 pages)
15 October 1999	Return made up to 02/10/99; full list of members (6 pages)
15 October 1999	Return made up to 02/10/99; full list of members (6 pages)
11 October 1999	Ad 20/09/99--------- Â£ si 19998@1=19998 Â£ ic 2/20000 (2 pages)
11 October 1999	Â£ nc 1000/20000 19/09/99 (1 page)
11 October 1999	Â£ nc 1000/20000 19/09/99 (1 page)
11 October 1999	Resolutions ORES04 ‐ Ordinary resolution of increasing authorised share capital (1 page)
11 October 1999	Ad 20/09/99--------- Â£ si 19998@1=19998 Â£ ic 2/20000 (2 pages)
11 October 1999	Resolutions ORES04 ‐ Ordinary resolution of increasing authorised share capital (1 page)
26 May 1999	Company name changed surveymicro LIMITED\certificate issued on 27/05/99 (2 pages)
26 May 1999	Company name changed surveymicro LIMITED\certificate issued on 27/05/99 (2 pages)
22 March 1999	Accounts for a small company made up to 31 December 1998 (7 pages)
22 March 1999	Accounts for a small company made up to 31 December 1998 (7 pages)
1 October 1998	Return made up to 02/10/98; no change of members (4 pages)
1 October 1998	Return made up to 02/10/98; no change of members (4 pages)
8 April 1998	Accounts for a small company made up to 31 December 1997 (7 pages)
8 April 1998	Accounts for a small company made up to 31 December 1997 (7 pages)
11 December 1997	Return made up to 02/10/97; no change of members (4 pages)
11 December 1997	Return made up to 02/10/97; no change of members (4 pages)
2 May 1997	Accounts for a small company made up to 31 December 1996 (7 pages)
2 May 1997	Accounts for a small company made up to 31 December 1996 (7 pages)
5 March 1997	New director appointed (2 pages)
5 March 1997	New director appointed (2 pages)
4 December 1996	Particulars of mortgage/charge (6 pages)
4 December 1996	Particulars of mortgage/charge (6 pages)
10 October 1996	Return made up to 02/10/96; full list of members (6 pages)
10 October 1996	Return made up to 02/10/96; full list of members (6 pages)
26 May 1996	Accounting reference date notified as 31/12 (1 page)
26 May 1996	Accounting reference date notified as 31/12 (1 page)
26 October 1995	Secretary resigned;new director appointed (2 pages)
26 October 1995	Registered office changed on 26/10/95 from: 1 mitchell lane bristol BS1 6BU (1 page)
26 October 1995	New secretary appointed;director resigned (2 pages)
26 October 1995	Secretary resigned;new director appointed (2 pages)
26 October 1995	New secretary appointed;director resigned (2 pages)
26 October 1995	Registered office changed on 26/10/95 from: 1 mitchell lane bristol BS1 6BU (1 page)
2 October 1995	Incorporation (12 pages)
2 October 1995	Incorporation (12 pages)